How to apply for Social Security retirement benefits

Choose your application channel

SSA’s retirement FAQ links to the online application. Sign in or create your own my Social Security account, then follow the questions for your circumstances. If SSA cannot process the request online, its service provides instructions for contacting a representative or arranging an appointment.

For a phone application or help arranging an office visit, call 1-800-772-1213. TTY users can call 1-800-325-0778. Call ahead before going to an office so you can confirm the appropriate appointment and application route.

Prepare your information

SSA’s Form SSA-1 information page is a preparation checklist. It explains the information the application can ask for; it is not a request to send every listed document to an office immediately.

• Your birth information and Social Security number.
• Information about your current and former marriages, and children when relevant to the application.
• Recent W-2 forms or self-employment tax information.
• Bank information for the payment arrangement you discuss with SSA.

Follow the document instructions

Depending on your circumstances, SSA may request proof of birth, citizenship or lawful status, military service, or other evidence. At the end of an online application, SSA gives a list of needed documents and instructions for submitting them.

SSA accepts photocopies of some records, including W-2s and tax returns, but requires originals or acceptable certified records for many other documents. Read the instructions for each item rather than using a single copy rule for the whole application.

If something is missing

SSA says not to delay applying solely because you do not have every document. Contact SSA about the missing item and the help available to obtain it. Make a note of what the representative requests and where it should be sent.

Before an office visit

Use the office locator to check the address, then confirm your appointment and any evidence instructions with SSA. This directory helps you plan the visit; it cannot submit your claim or decide your benefit start date.